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In this post I will be quoting from the works of Justin Martyr and Tertullian in respect to Old Testament prophecies and typology pointing to Christ. All emphasis will be mine. One interesting typology that both of them employ is the case of Joshua, whom they not only take to be a picture of Jesus but as also foreshadowing Christ’s actual name. Both Justin and Tertullian argue that Joshua is the actual name of the Angel of the Lord who is none other than Christ in his prehu

Isidore, bishop of Seville (c. 560–636), is a canonized saint in the Catholic Church. In his work, titled The Etymologies of Isidore of Seville , compiled between 615 and the early 630s AD, he lists the Scriptures which the Church accepted as canonical. I quote from the English translation of this same writing, published by Cambridge University Press in 2006. All emphasis will be mine. i. The Old and New Testament (De Veteri et Novo Testamento) 1. The Old Testament is so ca

The prophet Zechariah speaks of YHWH, whom he represented by acting out the role of divine Shepherd, would be priced at thirty pieces of silver: “I took my staff Favor and cut it apart, that I might break my covenant that I had made with all the peoples. It was broken in that day; and thus the poor of the flock that listened to me knew that it was Yahweh’s word. I said to them, ‘If you think it best, give me my wages; and if not, keep them . ’ So they weighed for my wages

According to the inspired Scriptures, the prophet Isaiah was allowed to see Jehovah God Almighty in a visible form, where he appeared to be visibly seated on a visible throne wearing a robe: “In the year that King Uz·ziʹah died, I saw Jehovah sitting on a lofty and elevated throne, and the skirts of his robe filled the temple. Seraphs were standing above him; each had six wings. Each covered his face with two and covered his feet with two, and each of them would fly about wit

In the synoptic Gospels, our Lord Jesus refers to the time when he himself would personally send forth prophets that would prophesy in his name. Christ also warned against those who would call him “Lord, Lord,” while failing to obey his commandments: “Not everyone who says to Me, ‘ Lord, Lord ( kyrie kyrie ) ,’ will enter the kingdom of heaven, but he who does the will of My Father who is in heaven will enter. Many will say to Me on that day, ‘ Lord, Lord ( kyrie kyrie ), i

Throughout the Holy Bible, God commands individuals to repent of their ways in order that they might live. Repentance isn’t simply regretting the sins one has committed, but also involves a deliberate turning away from these sinful actions and a change of lifestyle which entails obedience to God’s commands. I cite some of the verses, which outline the need for repentance by regretting and turning away from the evil one has been indulging in. “Also among the prophets of

This is a continuation of the following post: Textual Variants & Reformation Bibles Before King James . I present cases, which contain specific verses and/or words that are missing in many modern English versions of the Holy Bible, but that can be found in the English translations produced before the King James Bible. Matt. 5:22 “but I say unto you, That whosoever is angry with his brother without a cause shall be in danger of the judgment: and whosoever shall say t

The One Who redeems His people? In this post I am going to even more evidence that the NT writings describe Jesus as Jehovah God of the OT scriptures. I will be citing the Greek version of the Hebrew Bible, typically referred to as the Septuagint, in order to highlight the fact that Jehovah is identified as the Lord (Greek Kyrios ) from/out of heaven. The Old Testament repeatedly speaks of Jehovah as the Lord (in fact, the only Lord) who is from/in heaven: “And the Lord (Kyri

In this post I will be quoting from the Bibles produced during the Reformation period in respect to some of the verses, which are not found in modern English translations of the Holy Bible, or are placed within brackets or parentheses to indicate that the translators question their textual veracity. I include the English translation of the Latin Vulgate since this also was produced during the Reformation. Many of these versions can be found on Textus Receptus Bibles , specifi

In this post, I am going to address the commonly misused texts by oneness/modalists heretics to prove that the Father’s name is Jesus and that Jesus is the Father, either because he is the human incarnation of the Father or a human being whom the Father fully indwells. The following passage is often cited as proof that Jesus is the human manifestation of the Father since the Lord claims to come in his Father’s name: “ I have come in the name of my Father , and ye do not recei

In this part ( Is Jesus’ Name God the Father? ) , I will address the practice of baptism and whether this supports the oneness/modalist position. Baptizing them in the Name of Who Exactly? After his physical, bodily resurrection, and right before his ascension into heaven, the Lord appeared to his followers in order to commission them with the task of preaching the Gospel throughout the world. One of the risen Christ’s instructions to them was to make sure to baptize all who

I have written extensively on the fact of Muhammad being a cross-dresser who would dress up in women’s clothing, particularly in the dresses of his child-bride. I will provide the links to my articles/rebuttals at the conclusion of the post. Here I want to provide further corroboration for Muhammad wearing women’s clothing from a woman author who wrote a scholarly tome on the issue of Arab clothing for a scholarly publisher. The writer candidly states that the supposed auth

In this short post I will cite the notes of the Geneva Study Bible on the key texts that Protestant apologists often employ to refute the perpetual virginity of the blessed Mother of our Lord. The reason these notes are important is because they are based on the theological insights and positions of reformers such as John Calvin and John Knox. Note what the following site writes in this respect: Geneva Bible Study Notes The Geneva Bible is one of the most important versio

A great number of Protestants are unaware of the fact that their spiritual forebears, the magisterial reformers such as John Calvin affirmed the Perpetuality Virginity of Mary (PVM). Calvin especially scoffed at those who would use texts such as Matthew 1:25, Luke 8:19-21, etc., to argue for Joseph having intimate relationships with Mary after the birth of Christ, or that Jesus’ brother and sisters are the biological children of Mary. Here's what one author wrote in this re

In his epistle to the Romans, Paul laments the fact that humans have turned to worshiping and serving the creation as opposed to glorifying and thanking the Creator, who is to be praised forever: “For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men who suppress the truth in unrighteousness, because that which is known about God is evident within them; for God made it evident to them. For since the creation of the world His invisib

The excerpts cited here are all taken from Ambrosiaster’s Commentary on the Pauline Epistles: Romans, Translated with Notes , by Theodore S. de Bruyn, with an Introduction by Theodore S. de Bruyn, Stephen A. Cooper, & David G. Hunter. It was published by SBL Press in 2017. All emphasis will be mine. 5.1. The Context The Commentary presents itself as transmitting what Paul, the “teacher of the gentiles” (1 Tim 2:7), 1 taught about God, Christ, the gospel, faith, salvation,

In this somewhat lengthy post, I quote the words of another great saint, Hilary of Poitiers, from his writing On the Holy Trinity , Book IV . This holy saint not only argued that Jesus is that very divine Angel that appeared throughout the OT, he also quoted texts such as Genesis 1, Psalms 45:6-7, Isaiah 45:11-14, Hosea 1:6-7, Romans 9:5, etc., to prove God’s Triunity and the essential Deity of the Lord Christ. To make his case for the distinction of divine Persons, Hilar

This post is a continuation of my previous one from blessed St. Hilary of Poitier’s work On the Trinity , Book VII : Hilary: God is the Trinity . Here I provide more quotes from that same section showing how this holy saint confirmed that the phrase “one God” does not refer to or mean the Father, As the citations will prove, St. Hilary taught that the expression refers the whole Trinity, and not to any one single individual Person of the Godhead. All emphasis will be mine.

Here I cite from St. Hilary of Poitier’s work On the Trinity , Book VII , where this holy saint affirms that the term God refers the divine Persons who share the same name and nature. All emphasis will be mine. 31. We see how the living Son of the living Father, He Who is God from God , reveals the unity of the Divine nature , indissolubly One and the same, and the mystery of His birth in these words, I and the Father are One . Because the seeming arrogance of them engend

The excerpts cited here are taken from St. Justin Martyr’s First Apology . Justin appeals to Old Testament prophecies and to written records by Pilate, which were still in existence, to convince the Roman authorities of the divine origin and historicity of the Christian faith. Justin’s knowledge of Messianic prophecies is truly remarkable since he cites a plethora of OT texts to prove that Jesus is the God-Man who was prophesied to be born of a Virgin, suffer death by crucifi