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The following are some of the citations I employed in my talk on the Lord’s death and resurrection with Christian apologist and evangelist Hatun Tash of DCCI ministries. THE MATERIAL IN 1 CORINTHIANS 15:3-8 DATED WITHIN 2-3 YEARS OF JESUS’ RESURRECTION The majority of scholars, both conservative and liberal, believe that this specific tradition which speaks of Jesus’ post-mortem appearances to both disciples and hostile enemies such as James, was formulated within 2-3 years a

The quotations found in this post are taken from Robert E. Winn’s Eusebius of Emesa: Church and Theology in the Mid-Fourth Century, published by The Catholic University of America Press in 2011. Eusebius was the bishop of Emesa and a student of Eusebius of Caesarea. This is significant since we would expect to find the Bishop of Emesa’s Trinitarianism to be in line with that of his mentor. I now quote the section that deals primarily with Eusebius’ Trinitarianism that is fo

We come to the last part of the series: Eusebius on the Trinity Part 2. Chapter 12 (1) And yet the great man who is at once both evangelist and theologian, having mentioned the Word three times in this passage, has not only said that he is Word of God. For he did not say, “In the beginning was the Word of God,” but indefinitely, “In the beginning was the Word,”150 having left it to us to investigate what sort of Word he was. And again, he said, “And the Word was with God,

I continue from where I previously left off: Eusebius on the Trinity Part 1. NOW THAT THE testimonies from the divine Scriptures have been presented, in which it was shown that the Son of God was called not only “Word” before his coming in the flesh (as Marcellus thought) but also many other things, come now, let us consider the remaining idol of Sabellius, which has, as it were, popped up out of the earth.1 For he dared to say that the God who is over all,2 the Father of o

In this series of posts I will quoting from Against Marcellus and On Ecclesiastical Theology (Fathers of the Church Patristic Series), translated by Kelley McCarthy Spoerl & Markus Vinzent, and published by The Catholic University of America Press in 2017. It is the refutation of Eusebius of Caesarea against the heretic Marcellus. The aim of citing this work is to show that Eusebius was a Trinitarian who affirmed that the Son and the Holy Spirit are uncreated Divine Hyposta

There are some Christians that believe that there is a specific verse in the book of Isaiah, which explicitly points to the Trinity. It is Isaiah 48:16, the context of which I quote so the readers can see why this passage is taken as evidence for the Trinity. Isaiah 48 “Hear this, O house of Jacob, who are called by the name Israel And who came forth from the loins of Judah, Who swear by the name of Yahweh And bring to remembrance the God of Israel, But not in truth or in

The quotations cited here are taken from the online translation of the Zohar: Full Zohar Online. The Zohar states that there will be two Messiahs, one from the line of David and the other from Joseph’s line. The Davidic Messiah is symbolized by a lion whereas the Messiah from Joseph is represented by an ox. These images are taken from specific Old Testament texts such as Genesis 49 and Deuteronomy 33. The Zohar also ascribes other OT verses to the Messiah, including Isaiah 53

The following excerpt is taken from St. Augustine’s On the Holy Trinity, Book 4. In it, the blessed saint reasons that the Father’s sending of the Son into the world is a sign and reflection of the Father’s having eternally begotten/generated the Son. Augustine takes this economic procession, e.g., the Father’s sending forth the Son to be born of a woman, as indicative of their eternal relationship. It is because the Father eternally begets and the Son is eternally begotten t

In this post I will be quoting from the work The Apostolic Fathers, Volume I: I Clement. II Clement. Ignatius. Polycarp. Didache, edited and translated by Bart D. Ehrman, and published in 2003 by Harvard University Press. I will be citing Ehrman’s translation of St. Ignatius’ seven letters in respect to the Bishop of Antioch’s views on, The Trinity. Christ as an uncreated divine Person who became Man. The Holy Spirit’s Personhood. The unity of the Church and its hiera

The Scriptures teach that believers are to honor and submit to the existing authorities, since they have been appointed by God for specific purposes such as maintaining order: “Every person is to be in subjection to the governing authorities. For there is no authority except from God, and those which exist have been appointed by God. Therefore whoever resists that authority has opposed the ordinance of God; and they who have opposed will receive condemnation upon themselves

In this post I will be citing three different English translations of specific letters from St. Ignatius, in which this holy Bishop of Antioch, Syria and Christian martyr, speaks of Christ existing without chronology and without age, stating that the risen Lord is unborn and beyond/ above all time/season. All emphasis will be mine. Chapter 3. Exhortations Let not those who seem worthy of credit, but teach strange doctrines, 1 Timothy 1:3, 1 Timothy 6:3 fill you with appre

In this post I will cite from a letter of St. Ignatius, the holy martyr of Christ and the Bishop of Antioch, being an eyewitness and pupil of the holy Apostles, who learned the faith directly from them. Ignatius testifies that Christ was raised in his physical, fleshly body, which he has now made immortal. All emphasis will be mine. Chapter 1. Thanks to God for your faith I Glorify God, even Jesus Christ (doxazo Iesoun Christon ton theon), who has given you such wisdom. F

The late Orthodox Jewish philosopher and scholar Rabbi J. Immanuel Schochet wrote about the Messiah where he encapsulated some of the Old Testament verses, which rabbinic tradition interpreted in respect to the Messianic Era: A. Restoration of the Bet Hamikdash Mashiach shall restore the Bet Hamikdash in Jerusalem.1 This refers to the third Bet Hamikdash that will stand forever, in fulfillment of the Divine prophecy of Ezekiel 37:26-28: “I shall give My Sanctuary in

The following is from the article More than Your Average Angel - The angel that convinced Abraham was no ordinary angel.. All emphasis will be mine. "G‑d's angel called to him from heaven and said…, 'Do not harm the boy. Do not do anything to him.'" (Gen. 22:11-12) The apparently strange phenomenon in this paragraph, that G‑d is the one who subjects Abraham to the trial whereas the angel prevented him from going through with it, needs to be understood as follows: The "angel"

In this post I will demonstrate how the inspired New Testament writings portray the Lord Jesus in the exact same way YHWH is depicted all throughout the book of Isaiah. YHWH “A voice is calling, ‘Prepare the way for Yahweh in the wilderness; Make smooth in the desert a highway for our God. Let every valley be lifted up, And every mountain and hill be made low; And let the rough ground become a plain, And the rugged terrain a broad valley; Then the glory of Yahweh will be

Isaiah prophesied that YHWH would personally come to redeem Israel from all their transgressions, since YHWH was unable to find any mere creature worthy enough to work through for this purpose: “So it is that truth is missing; And he who turns aside from evil makes himself plunder. Then Yahweh saw, And it was evil in His eyes that there was no justice. And He saw that there was no man, And was astonished that there was no one to intercede; Then His own arm brought salvati

A Key Text to The Triunity of God Muslim polemicist Bassam Zawadi reposted two articles (http://www.call-to-monotheism.com/matthew_28_19__by_biblical_unitarian_and_misha_al_ibn_abdullah_al_kadhi) that seek to undermine the Trinitarian Baptismal formula found in Matthew 28:19: “Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,” The first article was taken from an anti-Trinitarian unitarian heretical

The post here is taken from the following article by Tim Hegg: Matthew 28:19. In some recent Christological discussions, the tripartite designation included in the standard texts of Matthew 28:19 has often been suspect. The problem is that it sounds far too trinitarian to have been included in Matthew’s original words. As a result, a few modern scholars have suggested that the ending of Matthew’s gospel might well have been added by later scribes under the influence of the tr

In this post I will be citing from the works of Eusebius of Caesarea to show where this renowned Church historian and apologist quotes the Matthean Trinitarian baptismal formula. All emphasis will be mine. In that He foretold at the outset to His Disciples, that He would make them Fishers of men; and, that they should eventually, openly, immediately, (and) through His power, make Disciples of all nations. From the Gospel of Matthew20. 8. After his resurrection from the de

The references cited here are taken from Ibn Ezra on Isaiah. All emphasis will be mine. 11:1 ויצא וגו'. רובי המפרשים אמרו כי זה המשיח, והטעם שימות מחנה אשור הצר על ירושלם, ועוד יבא עת גאולת ירושלם השלימה, ולפי דעת רבי משה הכהן שעל חזקיהו רמז, כי הוא דבק עם הפרשה: The majority of commentators apply this chapter to the Messiah, as if the prophet said, The Assyrian army, which is now attacking Jerusalem, will perish; but besides this partial deliverance, a time of complete re